3 # Build log hardening check, checks build logs for missing hardening flags.
5 # Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Simon Ruderich
7 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 # along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 use Text::ParseWords ();
27 our $VERSION = '0.04';
32 # Regex to catch compiler commands.
34 (?<!\s-) # ignore options, e.g. "-c++" [sic!] (used by swig)
35 (?<!\.) # ignore file names, e.g. "test.gcc"
36 (?:cc|gcc|g\+\+|c\+\+)
37 (?:-[\d.]+)? # version suffix, e.g. "gcc-4.6"
39 # Full regex which matches the complete compiler name. Used in a few places to
40 # prevent false negatives.
41 my $cc_regex_full = qr/
42 (?:[a-z0-9_]+-(?:linux-|kfreebsd-)?gnu(?:eabi|eabihf)?-)?
45 # Regex to check if a line contains a compiler command.
46 my $cc_regex_normal = qr/
49 # Regex to catch (GCC) compiler warnings.
50 my $warning_regex = qr/^(.+?):(\d+):\d+: warning: (.+?) \[(.+?)\]$/;
52 # List of source file extensions which require preprocessing.
53 my @source_preprocess_compile_cpp = (
55 qw( cc cp cxx cpp CPP c++ C ),
59 my @source_preprocess_compile = (
65 @source_preprocess_compile_cpp,
67 qw( F FOR fpp FPP FTN F90 F95 F03 F08 ),
69 my @source_preprocess_no_compile = (
73 my @source_preprocess = (
74 @source_preprocess_compile,
75 @source_preprocess_no_compile,
77 # List of source file extensions which don't require preprocessing.
78 my @source_no_preprocess_compile_cpp = (
84 my @source_no_preprocess_compile_ada = (
87 # If you add another file, fix use of @source_no_preprocess_compile_ada
88 # below (search for $compile_ada).
90 my @source_no_preprocess_compile = (
94 @source_no_preprocess_compile_cpp,
98 qw( f for ftn f90 f95 f03 f08 ),
100 @source_no_preprocess_compile_ada,
102 my @source_no_preprocess_no_compile = (
108 my @source_no_preprocess = (
109 @source_no_preprocess_compile,
110 @source_no_preprocess_no_compile,
112 # List of header file extensions which require preprocessing.
113 my @header_preprocess = (
114 # C, C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++
117 qw( hh H hp hxx hpp HPP h++ tcc ),
121 # Normal object files.
123 # Libtool object files.
125 # Dynamic libraries. bzip2 uses .sho.
131 # Hashes for fast extensions lookup to check if a file falls in one of these
133 my %extensions_no_preprocess = map { $_ => 1 } (
134 # There's no @header_no_preprocess.
135 @source_no_preprocess,
137 my %extensions_preprocess = map { $_ => 1 } (
141 my %extensions_compile_link = map { $_ => 1 } (
143 @source_no_preprocess,
145 my %extensions_compile = map { $_ => 1 } (
146 @source_preprocess_compile,
147 @source_no_preprocess_compile,
149 my %extensions_no_compile = map { $_ => 1 } (
150 @source_preprocess_no_compile,
151 @source_no_preprocess_no_compile,
153 my %extensions_compile_cpp = map { $_ => 1 } (
154 @source_preprocess_compile_cpp,
155 @source_no_preprocess_compile_cpp,
157 my %extensions_object = map { $_ => 1 } (
160 my %extension = map { $_ => 1 } (
161 @source_no_preprocess,
167 # Regexp to match file extensions.
168 my $file_extension_regex = qr/
170 \S+ # Filename without extension.
172 ([^\/\\.,;:\s]+)# File extension.
173 (?=\s|\\) # At end of word. Can't use \b because some files have non
174 # word characters at the end and because \b matches double
175 # extensions (like .cpp.o). Works always as all lines are
176 # terminated with "\n".
179 # Expected (hardening) flags. All flags are used as regexps (and compiled to
180 # real regexps below for better execution speed).
185 my @def_cflags_format = (
186 '-Wformat(?:=2)?', # -Wformat=2 implies -Wformat, accept it too
187 '-Werror=format-security', # implies -Wformat-security
189 my @def_cflags_fortify = (
190 # fortify needs at least -O1, but -O2 is recommended anyway
192 my @def_cflags_stack = (
194 '--param[= ]ssp-buffer-size=4',
196 my @def_cflags_pie = (
202 # @def_cxxflags_* is the same as @def_cflags_*.
203 my @def_cppflags = ();
204 my @def_cppflags_fortify = (
205 '-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2', # must be first, see cppflags_fortify_broken()
206 # If you add another flag fix hack below (search for "Hack to fix").
208 my @def_cppflags_fortify_bad = (
209 # These flags may overwrite -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2.
211 '-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0',
212 '-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1',
214 my @def_ldflags = ();
215 my @def_ldflags_relro = (
218 my @def_ldflags_bindnow = (
221 my @def_ldflags_pie = (
225 my @def_ldflags_pic = (
230 # References to all flags checked by the flag checker.
234 \@def_cflags_fortify,
239 \@def_cppflags_fortify,
242 \@def_ldflags_bindnow,
245 # References to all used flags.
246 my @flag_refs_all = (
248 \@def_cppflags_fortify_bad,
251 # Renaming rules for the output so the regex parts are not visible. Also
252 # stores string values of flag regexps above, see compile_flag_regexp().
254 '-O(?:2|3)' => '-O2',
255 '-Wformat(?:=2)?' => '-Wformat',
256 '--param[= ]ssp-buffer-size=4' => '--param=ssp-buffer-size=4',
257 '-Wl,(?:-z,)?relro' => '-Wl,-z,relro',
258 '-Wl,(?:-z,)?now' => '-Wl,-z,now',
262 no_compiler_commands => 1 << 0,
263 # used by POD::Usage => 1 << 1,
264 non_verbose_build => 1 << 2,
265 flags_missing => 1 << 3,
266 hardening_wrapper => 1 << 4,
267 invalid_cmake => 1 << 5,
271 no_compiler_commands => 'I-no-compiler-commands',
272 non_verbose_build => 'W-compiler-flags-hidden',
273 flags_missing => 'W-dpkg-buildflags-missing',
274 hardening_wrapper => 'I-hardening-wrapper-used',
275 invalid_cmake => 'I-invalid-cmake-used',
278 # Statistics of missing flags and non-verbose build commands. Used for
282 preprocess_missing => 0,
284 compile_missing => 0,
286 compile_cpp_missing => 0,
290 commands_nonverbose => 0,
293 # Use colored (ANSI) output?
299 # Only works for single-level arrays with no undef values. Thanks to perlfaq4.
301 my ($first_ref, $second_ref) = @_;
303 return 0 if scalar @{$first_ref} != scalar @{$second_ref};
305 my $length = scalar @{$first_ref};
306 for (my $i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
307 return 0 if $first_ref->[$i] ne $second_ref->[$i];
314 my ($message, $missing_flags_ref, $flag_renames_ref, $line) = @_;
316 # Get string value of qr//-escaped regexps and if requested rename them.
317 my @missing_flags = map {
318 $flag_renames_ref->{$_}
319 } @{$missing_flags_ref};
321 my $flags = join ' ', @missing_flags;
322 printf '%s (%s)%s %s',
323 error_color($message, 'red'), $flags, error_color(':', 'yellow'),
328 sub error_non_verbose_build {
332 error_color('NONVERBOSE BUILD', 'red'),
333 error_color(':', 'yellow'),
338 sub error_invalid_cmake {
342 error_color('INVALID CMAKE', 'red'),
343 error_color(':', 'yellow'),
348 sub error_hardening_wrapper {
350 error_color('HARDENING WRAPPER', 'red'),
351 error_color(':', 'yellow'),
352 'no checks possible, aborting';
357 my ($message, $color) = @_;
360 return Term::ANSIColor::colored($message, $color);
367 my ($line, @flags) = @_;
369 foreach my $flag (@flags) {
370 return 1 if $line =~ /$flag/;
376 my ($line, $missing_flags_ref, @flags) = @_;
378 my @missing_flags = ();
379 foreach my $flag (@flags) {
380 if (not $line =~ /$flag/) {
381 push @missing_flags, $flag;
385 return 1 if scalar @missing_flags == 0;
387 @{$missing_flags_ref} = @missing_flags;
391 sub cppflags_fortify_broken {
392 my ($line, $missing_flags) = @_;
394 # This doesn't take the position into account, but is a simple solution.
395 # And if the build system tries to force -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0/1, something
398 if (any_flags_used($line, @def_cppflags_fortify_bad)) {
399 # $def_cppflags_fortify[0] must be -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2!
400 push @{$missing_flags}, $def_cppflags_fortify[0];
407 # Modifies $missing_flags_ref array.
408 sub pic_pie_conflict {
409 my ($line, $pie, $missing_flags_ref, @flags_pie) = @_;
411 return 0 if not $pie;
412 return 0 if not any_flags_used($line, @def_ldflags_pic);
414 my %flags = map { $_ => 1 } @flags_pie;
416 # Remove all PIE flags from @missing_flags as they are not required with
419 not exists $flags{$_}
420 } @{$missing_flags_ref};
421 @{$missing_flags_ref} = @result;
423 # We got a conflict when no flags are left, thus only PIE flags were
424 # missing. If other flags were missing abort because the conflict is not
426 return scalar @result == 0;
429 sub is_non_verbose_build {
430 my ($line, $next_line, $skip_ref) = @_;
432 if (not (index($line, 'checking if you want to see long compiling messages... no') == 0
433 or $line =~ /^\s*\[?(?:CC|CCLD|C\+\+|CXX|CXXLD|LD|LINK)\]?\s+(.+?)$/
434 or $line =~ /^\s*[Cc]ompiling\s+(.+?)(?:\.\.\.)?$/
435 or $line =~ /^\s*[Bb]uilding (?:program|shared library)\s+(.+?)$/
436 or $line =~ /^\s*\[[\d ]+%\] Building (?:C|CXX) object (.+?)$/)) {
442 # C++ compiler setting.
443 return 0 if $line =~ /^\s*C\+\+.+?:\s+(?:yes|no)\s*$/;
444 return 0 if $line =~ /^\s*C\+\+ Library: stdc\+\+$/;
445 # "Compiling" non binary files.
446 return 0 if $line =~ /^\s*Compiling \S+\.(?:py|el)['"]?(?:\.\.\.)?$/;
447 # "Compiling" with no file name.
448 if ($line =~ /^\s*[Cc]ompiling\s+(.+?)(?:\.\.\.)?$/) {
449 # $file_extension_regex may need spaces around the filename.
450 return 0 if not " $1 " =~ /$file_extension_regex/o;
455 # On the first pass we only check if this line is verbose or not.
456 return 1 if not defined $next_line;
458 # Second pass, we have access to the next line.
461 # CMake and other build systems print the non-verbose messages also when
462 # building verbose. If a compiler and the file name occurs in the next
463 # line, treat it as verbose build.
465 # Get filename, we can't use the complete path as only parts of it are
466 # used in the real compiler command.
467 $file =~ m{/([^/\s]+)$};
470 if (index($next_line, $file) != -1 and $next_line =~ /$cc_regex/o) {
471 # Not a non-verbose line, but we still have to skip the current line
472 # as it doesn't contain any compiler commands.
481 # Remove @flags from $flag_refs_ref, and $flag_renames_ref.
483 my ($flag_refs_ref, $flag_renames_ref, @flags) = @_;
485 my %removes = map { $_ => 1 } @flags;
486 foreach my $flags (@{$flag_refs_ref}) {
488 # Flag found as string.
489 not exists $removes{$_}
490 # Flag found as string representation of regexp.
491 and (not defined $flag_renames_ref->{$_}
492 or not exists $removes{$flag_renames_ref->{$_}})
499 # Modifies $flag_renames_ref hash.
500 sub compile_flag_regexp {
501 my ($flag_renames_ref, @flags) = @_;
504 foreach my $flag (@flags) {
505 # Compile flag regexp for faster execution.
506 my $regex = qr/\s$flag(?:\s|\\)/;
508 # Store flag name in replacement string for correct flags in messages
509 # with qr//ed flag regexps.
510 $flag_renames_ref->{$regex}
511 = (exists $flag_renames_ref->{$flag})
512 ? $flag_renames_ref->{$flag}
515 push @result, $regex;
520 # Does any extension in @extensions exist in %{$extensions_ref}?
521 sub extension_found {
522 my ($extensions_ref, @extensions) = @_;
524 foreach my $extension (@extensions) {
525 if (exists $extensions_ref->{$extension}) {
535 # Parse command line arguments.
537 my $option_version = 0;
539 my $option_bindnow = 0;
540 my @option_ignore_arch = ();
541 my @option_ignore_flag = ();
542 my @option_ignore_arch_flag = ();
543 my @option_ignore_line = ();
544 my @option_ignore_arch_line = ();
546 my $option_arch = undef;
547 my $option_buildd = 0;
549 if (not Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
550 'help|h|?' => \$option_help,
551 'version' => \$option_version,
553 'pie' => \$option_pie,
554 'bindnow' => \$option_bindnow,
555 'all' => \$option_all,
557 'ignore-arch=s' => \@option_ignore_arch,
558 'ignore-flag=s' => \@option_ignore_flag,
559 'ignore-arch-flag=s' => \@option_ignore_arch_flag,
560 'ignore-line=s' => \@option_ignore_line,
561 'ignore-arch-line=s' => \@option_ignore_arch_line,
563 'color' => \$option_color,
564 'arch=s' => \$option_arch,
565 'buildd' => \$option_buildd,
568 Pod::Usage::pod2usage(2);
572 Pod::Usage::pod2usage(1);
574 if ($option_version) {
576 blhc $VERSION Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Simon Ruderich
578 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
579 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
580 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
581 (at your option) any later version.
583 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
584 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
585 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
586 GNU General Public License for more details.
588 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
589 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
595 if (scalar @ARGV == 0) {
597 Pod::Usage::pod2usage(2);
600 # Don't load Term::ANSIColor in buildd mode because Term::ANSIColor is not
601 # installed on Debian's buildds.
602 if (not $option_buildd) {
603 require Term::ANSIColor;
611 # Precompiled ignores for faster lookup.
612 my %option_ignore_arch_flag = ();
613 my %option_ignore_arch_line = ();
615 # Strip flags which should be ignored.
616 if (scalar @option_ignore_flag > 0) {
617 remove_flags(\@flag_refs, \%flag_renames, @option_ignore_flag);
619 # Same for arch specific ignore flags, but only prepare here.
620 if (scalar @option_ignore_arch_flag > 0) {
621 foreach my $ignore (@option_ignore_arch_flag) {
622 my ($ignore_arch, $ignore_flag) = split /:/, $ignore, 2;
624 if (not $ignore_arch or not $ignore_flag) {
625 printf STDERR 'Value "%s" invalid for option ignore-arch-flag '
626 . '("arch:flag" expected)' . "\n", $ignore;
628 Pod::Usage::pod2usage(2);
631 push @{$option_ignore_arch_flag{$ignore_arch}}, $ignore_flag;
635 # Precompile all flag regexps. any_flags_used(), all_flags_used() get a lot
637 foreach my $flags (@flag_refs_all) {
638 @{$flags} = compile_flag_regexp(\%flag_renames, @{$flags});
641 # Precompile ignore line regexps, also anchor at beginning and end of line.
642 foreach my $ignore (@option_ignore_line) {
643 $ignore = qr/^$ignore$/;
645 # Same for arch specific ignore lines.
646 if (scalar @option_ignore_arch_line > 0) {
647 foreach my $ignore (@option_ignore_arch_line) {
648 my ($ignore_arch, $ignore_line) = split /:/, $ignore, 2;
650 if (not $ignore_arch or not $ignore_line) {
651 printf STDERR 'Value "%s" invalid for option ignore-arch-line '
652 . '("arch:line" expected)' . "\n", $ignore;
654 Pod::Usage::pod2usage(2);
657 push @{$option_ignore_arch_line{$ignore_arch}}, qr/^$ignore_line$/;
665 foreach my $file (@ARGV) {
666 print "checking '$file'...\n" if scalar @ARGV > 1;
668 -f $file or die "No such file: $file";
670 open my $fh, '<', $file or die $!;
672 # Architecture of this file.
673 my $arch = $option_arch;
675 # Hardening options. Not all architectures support all hardening options.
676 my $harden_format = 1;
677 my $harden_fortify = 1;
678 my $harden_stack = 1;
679 my $harden_relro = 1;
680 my $harden_bindnow = $option_bindnow; # defaults to 0
681 my $harden_pie = $option_pie; # defaults to 0
683 # Does this build log use ada? Ada also uses gcc as compiler but uses
684 # different CFLAGS. But only perform ada checks if an ada compiler used
685 # for performance reasons.
688 while (my $line = <$fh>) {
689 # Detect architecture automatically unless overridden. For buildd logs
690 # only, doesn't use the dpkg-buildpackage header. Necessary to ignore
691 # build logs which aren't built (wrong architecture, build error,
694 if (index($line, 'Build Architecture: ') == 0) {
695 $arch = substr $line, 20, -1; # -1 to ignore '\n' at the end
696 # For old logs (sbuild << 0.63.0-1).
697 } elsif (index($line, 'Architecture: ') == 0) {
698 $arch = substr $line, 14, -1; # -1 to ignore '\n' at the end
702 # dpkg-buildflags only provides hardening flags since 1.16.1, don't
703 # check for hardening flags in buildd mode if an older dpkg-dev is
704 # used. Default flags (-g -O2) are still checked.
706 # Packages which were built before 1.16.1 but used their own hardening
707 # flags are not checked.
709 and index($line, 'Toolchain package versions: ') == 0) {
710 require Dpkg::Version;
711 if (not $line =~ /\bdpkg-dev_(\S+)/
712 or Dpkg::Version::version_compare($1, '1.16.1') < 0) {
722 # The following two versions of CMake in Debian obeyed CPPFLAGS, but
723 # this was later dropped because upstream rejected the patch. Thus
724 # build logs with these versions will have fortify hardening flags
725 # enabled, even though they may be not correctly set and are missing
726 # when build with later CMake versions. Thanks to Aron Xu for letting
728 if (index($line, 'Package versions: ') == 0
729 and $line =~ /\bcmake_(\S+)/
730 and ($1 eq '2.8.7-1' or $1 eq '2.8.7-2')) {
731 if (not $option_buildd) {
732 error_invalid_cmake($1);
733 $exit |= $exit_code{invalid_cmake};
735 print "$buildd_tag{invalid_cmake}|$1|\n";
739 # Debian's build daemons use "Filtered Build-Depends:" (or just
740 # "Build-Depends:" in older versions) for the build dependencies, but
741 # pbuilder uses "Depends:"; support both.
742 if (index($line, 'Filtered Build-Depends: ') == 0
743 or index($line, 'Build-Depends: ') == 0
744 or index($line, 'Depends: ') == 0) {
745 # If hardening wrapper is used (wraps calls to gcc and adds
746 # hardening flags automatically) we can't perform any checks,
748 if ($line =~ /\bhardening-wrapper\b/) {
749 if (not $option_buildd) {
750 error_hardening_wrapper();
751 $exit |= $exit_code{hardening_wrapper};
753 print "$buildd_tag{hardening_wrapper}||\n";
759 if ($line =~ /\bgnat\b/) {
764 # We skip over unimportant lines at the beginning of the log to
765 # prevent false positives.
766 last if index($line, 'dpkg-buildpackage: ') == 0;
769 # Input lines, contain only the lines with compiler commands.
771 # Non-verbose lines in the input. Used to reduce calls to
772 # is_non_verbose_build() (which is quite slow) in the second loop when
773 # it's already clear if a line is non-verbose or not.
774 my @input_nonverbose = ();
776 my $continuation = 0;
777 my $complete_line = undef;
779 while (my $line = <$fh>) {
780 # And stop at the end of the build log. Package details (reported by
781 # the buildd logs) are not important for us. This also prevents false
783 last if index($line, 'Build finished at ') == 0
784 and $line =~ /^Build finished at \d{8}-\d{4}$/;
786 if (not $continuation) {
790 # Detect architecture automatically unless overridden.
792 and index($line, 'dpkg-buildpackage: host architecture ') == 0) {
793 $arch = substr $line, 37, -1; # -1 to ignore '\n' at the end
795 # Old buildd logs use e.g. "host architecture is alpha", remove
796 # the "is", otherwise debarch_to_debtriplet() will not detect the
798 if (index($arch, 'is ') == 0) {
799 $arch = substr $arch, 3;
803 # Ignore compiler warnings for now.
804 next if $line =~ /$warning_regex/o;
806 if (not $option_buildd and index($line, "\033") != -1) { # \033 = esc
807 # Remove all ANSI color sequences which are sometimes used in
808 # non-verbose builds.
809 $line = Term::ANSIColor::colorstrip($line);
810 # Also strip '\0xf' (delete previous character), used by Elinks'
813 # And "ESC(B" which seems to be used on armhf and hurd (not sure
815 $line =~ s/\033\(B//g;
818 # Check if this line indicates a non verbose build.
819 $non_verbose |= is_non_verbose_build($line);
821 # One line may contain multiple commands (";"). Treat each one as
822 # single line. parse_line() is slow, only use it when necessary.
823 my @line = (index($line, ';') == -1)
826 # Ensure newline at the line end - necessary for
827 # correct parsing later.
830 } Text::ParseWords::parse_line(';', 1, $line);
831 foreach my $line (@line) {
835 # Join lines, but leave the "\" in place so it's clear where
836 # the original line break was.
837 chomp $complete_line;
838 $complete_line .= ' ' . $line;
840 # Line continuation, line ends with "\".
841 if ($line =~ /\\$/) {
843 # Start line continuation.
844 if (not defined $complete_line) {
845 $complete_line = $line;
850 # Use the complete line if a line continuation occurred.
851 if (defined $complete_line) {
852 $line = $complete_line;
853 $complete_line = undef;
856 # Ignore lines with no compiler commands.
857 next if not $non_verbose
858 and not $line =~ /$cc_regex_normal/o;
859 # Ignore lines with no filenames with extensions. May miss some
860 # non-verbose builds (e.g. "gcc -o test" [sic!]), but shouldn't be
861 # a problem as the log will most likely contain other non-verbose
862 # commands which are detected.
863 next if not $non_verbose
864 and not $line =~ /$file_extension_regex/o;
866 # Ignore false positives.
868 # `./configure` output.
869 next if not $non_verbose
870 and $line =~ /^(?:checking|[Cc]onfigure:) /;
871 next if $line =~ /^\s*(?:Host\s+)?(?:C(?:\+\+)?\s+)?
872 [Cc]ompiler[\s.]*:?\s+
874 next if $line =~ m{^\s*(?:-\s)?(?:HOST_)?(?:CC|CXX)
875 \s*=\s*$cc_regex_full
876 # optional compiler options, don't allow
877 # "everything" here to prevent false negatives
878 \s*(?:\s-\S+)*\s*$}xo;
879 # `moc-qt4`/`moc-qt5` contain '-I.../linux-g++' in their command
880 # line (or similar for other architectures) which gets recognized
881 # as a compiler line, but `moc-qt*` is only a preprocessor for Qt
882 # C++ files. No hardening flags are relevant during this step,
883 # thus ignore `moc-qt*` lines. The resulting files will be
884 # compiled in a separate step (and therefore checked).
885 next if $line =~ m{^\S+/bin/moc(?:-qt[45])?
887 -I\S+/mkspecs/[a-z]+-g\++(?:-64)?
889 # Ignore false positives when the line contains only CC=gcc but no
891 if ($line =~ /(.*)CC=$cc_regex_full(.*)/o) {
894 next if not $before =~ /$cc_regex_normal/o
895 and not $after =~ /$cc_regex_normal/o;
898 # Check if additional hardening options were used. Used to ensure
899 # they are used for the complete build.
900 $harden_pie = 1 if any_flags_used($line, @def_cflags_pie,
902 $harden_bindnow = 1 if any_flags_used($line, @def_ldflags_bindnow);
905 push @input_nonverbose, $non_verbose;
911 # Ignore arch if requested.
912 if (scalar @option_ignore_arch > 0 and $arch) {
913 foreach my $ignore (@option_ignore_arch) {
914 if ($arch eq $ignore) {
915 print "ignoring architecture '$arch'\n";
921 if (scalar @input == 0) {
922 if (not $option_buildd) {
923 print "No compiler commands!\n";
924 $exit |= $exit_code{no_compiler_commands};
926 print "$buildd_tag{no_compiler_commands}||\n";
931 if ($option_buildd) {
932 $statistics{commands} += scalar @input;
935 # Option or auto detected.
937 # The following was partially copied from dpkg-dev 1.17.1
938 # (/usr/share/perl5/Dpkg/Vendor/Debian.pm, add_hardening_flags()),
939 # copyright Raphaël Hertzog <hertzog@debian.org>, Kees Cook
940 # <kees@debian.org>, Canonical, Ltd. licensed under GPL version 2 or
941 # later. Keep it in sync.
944 my ($abi, $os, $cpu) = Dpkg::Arch::debarch_to_debtriplet($arch);
946 # Disable unsupported hardening options.
947 if ($os !~ /^(?:linux|knetbsd|hurd)$/ or
948 $cpu =~ /^(?:hppa|mips|mipsel|avr32)$/) {
951 if ($cpu =~ /^(?:ia64|alpha|mips|mipsel|hppa|arm64)$/
955 if ($cpu =~ /^(?:ia64|hppa|avr32)$/) {
962 my @cflags = @def_cflags;
963 my @cxxflags = @def_cxxflags;
964 my @cppflags = @def_cppflags;
965 my @ldflags = @def_ldflags;
966 # Check the specified hardening options, same order as dpkg-buildflags.
968 @cflags = (@cflags, @def_cflags_pie);
969 @cxxflags = (@cxxflags, @def_cflags_pie);
970 @ldflags = (@ldflags, @def_ldflags_pie);
973 @cflags = (@cflags, @def_cflags_stack);
974 @cxxflags = (@cxxflags, @def_cflags_stack);
976 if ($harden_fortify) {
977 @cflags = (@cflags, @def_cflags_fortify);
978 @cxxflags = (@cxxflags, @def_cflags_fortify);
979 @cppflags = (@cppflags, @def_cppflags_fortify);
981 if ($harden_format) {
982 @cflags = (@cflags, @def_cflags_format);
983 @cxxflags = (@cxxflags, @def_cflags_format);
986 @ldflags = (@ldflags, @def_ldflags_relro);
988 if ($harden_bindnow) {
989 @ldflags = (@ldflags, @def_ldflags_bindnow);
992 # Stores normal CFLAGS when @cflags_ada are temporarily used.
994 # Ada CFLAGS, only set if ada is used.
996 # Ada doesn't support format hardening flags, see #680117 for more
997 # information. Filter them out if ada is used.
998 if ($ada and $harden_format) {
1001 foreach my $flag (@def_cflags_format) {
1002 $ok = 0 if $_ eq $flag;
1008 # Hack to fix cppflags_fortify_broken() if --ignore-flag
1009 # -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 is used to ignore missing fortification. Only works
1010 # as long as @def_cppflags_fortify contains only one variable.
1011 if (scalar @def_cppflags_fortify == 0) {
1012 $harden_fortify = 0;
1015 # Ignore flags for this arch if requested.
1016 if ($arch and exists $option_ignore_arch_flag{$arch}) {
1017 my @local_flag_refs = (\@cflags, \@cxxflags, \@cppflags, \@ldflags);
1019 remove_flags(\@local_flag_refs,
1021 @{$option_ignore_arch_flag{$arch}});
1024 my @ignore_line = @option_ignore_line;
1025 # Ignore lines for this arch if requested.
1026 if ($arch and exists $option_ignore_arch_line{$arch}) {
1027 @ignore_line = (@ignore_line, @{$option_ignore_arch_line{$arch}});
1031 for (my $i = 0; $i < scalar @input; $i++) {
1032 my $line = $input[$i];
1034 # Ignore line if requested.
1035 foreach my $ignore (@ignore_line) {
1036 next LINE if $line =~ /$ignore/;
1040 if ($input_nonverbose[$i]
1041 and is_non_verbose_build($line, $input[$i + 1], \$skip)) {
1042 if (not $option_buildd) {
1043 error_non_verbose_build($line);
1044 $exit |= $exit_code{non_verbose_build};
1046 $statistics{commands_nonverbose}++;
1050 # Even if it's a verbose build, we might have to skip this line (see
1051 # is_non_verbose_build()).
1054 # Remove everything until and including the compiler command. Makes
1055 # checks easier and faster.
1056 $line =~ s/^.*?$cc_regex//o;
1057 # "([...] test.c)" is not detected as 'test.c' - fix this by removing
1058 # the brace and similar characters at the line end.
1059 $line =~ s/['")]+$//;
1061 # Skip unnecessary tests when only preprocessing.
1062 my $flag_preprocess = 0;
1069 # Preprocess, compile, assemble.
1070 if ($line =~ /\s(-E|-S|-c)\b/) {
1072 $flag_preprocess = 1 if $1 eq '-E';
1073 $compile = 1 if $1 eq '-S' or $1 eq '-c';
1074 # Dependency generation for Makefiles. The other flags (-MF -MG -MP
1075 # -MT -MQ) are always used with -M/-MM.
1076 } elsif ($line =~ /\s(?:-M|-MM)\b/) {
1078 # Otherwise assume we are linking.
1083 # -MD/-MMD also cause dependency generation, but they don't imply -E!
1084 if ($line =~ /\s(?:-MD|-MMD)\b/) {
1086 $flag_preprocess = 0;
1089 # Dependency generation for Makefiles, no preprocessing or other flags
1091 next if $dependency;
1093 # Get all file extensions on this line.
1094 my @extensions = $line =~ /$file_extension_regex/go;
1095 # Ignore all unknown extensions to speedup the search below.
1096 @extensions = grep { exists $extension{$_} } @extensions;
1098 # These file types don't require preprocessing.
1099 if (extension_found(\%extensions_no_preprocess, @extensions)) {
1102 # These file types require preprocessing.
1103 if (extension_found(\%extensions_preprocess, @extensions)) {
1107 if (not $flag_preprocess) {
1108 # If there are source files then it's compiling/linking in one
1109 # step and we must check both. We only check for source files
1110 # here, because header files cause too many false positives.
1111 if (extension_found(\%extensions_compile_link, @extensions)) {
1112 # Assembly files don't need CFLAGS.
1113 if (not extension_found(\%extensions_compile, @extensions)
1114 and extension_found(\%extensions_no_compile, @extensions)) {
1116 # But the rest does.
1120 # No compilable extensions found, either linking or compiling
1123 # If there are also no object files we are just compiling headers
1124 # (.h -> .h.gch). Don't check for linker flags in this case. Due
1125 # to our liberal checks for compiler lines, this also reduces the
1126 # number of false positives considerably.
1128 and not extension_found(\%extensions_object, @extensions)) {
1133 my $compile_cpp = 0;
1134 my $compile_ada = 0;
1135 # Assume CXXFLAGS are required when a C++ file is specified in the
1138 and extension_found(\%extensions_compile_cpp, @extensions)) {
1141 # Ada needs special CFLAGS, use them if only ada files are compiled.
1144 and array_equal(\@extensions,
1145 \@source_no_preprocess_compile_ada)) {
1147 @cflags_backup = @cflags;
1148 @cflags = @cflags_ada;
1151 if ($option_buildd) {
1152 $statistics{preprocess}++ if $preprocess;
1153 $statistics{compile}++ if $compile;
1154 $statistics{compile_cpp}++ if $compile_cpp;
1155 $statistics{link}++ if $link;
1158 # Check hardening flags.
1160 if ($compile and not all_flags_used($line, \@missing, @cflags)
1161 # Libraries linked with -fPIC don't have to (and can't) be
1162 # linked with -fPIE as well. It's no error if only PIE flags
1164 and not pic_pie_conflict($line, $harden_pie, \@missing, @def_cflags_pie)
1165 # Assume dpkg-buildflags returns the correct flags.
1166 and index($line, '`dpkg-buildflags --get CFLAGS`') == -1) {
1167 if (not $option_buildd) {
1168 error_flags('CFLAGS missing', \@missing, \%flag_renames, $input[$i]);
1169 $exit |= $exit_code{flags_missing};
1171 $statistics{compile_missing}++;
1173 } elsif ($compile_cpp and not all_flags_used($line, \@missing, @cflags)
1174 # Libraries linked with -fPIC don't have to (and can't) be
1175 # linked with -fPIE as well. It's no error if only PIE flags
1177 and not pic_pie_conflict($line, $harden_pie, \@missing, @def_cflags_pie)
1178 # Assume dpkg-buildflags returns the correct flags.
1179 and index($line, '`dpkg-buildflags --get CXXFLAGS`') == -1) {
1180 if (not $option_buildd) {
1181 error_flags('CXXFLAGS missing', \@missing, \%flag_renames, $input[$i]);
1182 $exit |= $exit_code{flags_missing};
1184 $statistics{compile_cpp_missing}++;
1188 and (not all_flags_used($line, \@missing, @cppflags)
1189 # The fortify flag might be overwritten, detect that.
1191 and cppflags_fortify_broken($line, \@missing)))
1192 # Assume dpkg-buildflags returns the correct flags.
1193 and index($line, '`dpkg-buildflags --get CPPFLAGS`') == -1) {
1194 if (not $option_buildd) {
1195 error_flags('CPPFLAGS missing', \@missing, \%flag_renames, $input[$i]);
1196 $exit |= $exit_code{flags_missing};
1198 $statistics{preprocess_missing}++;
1201 if ($link and not all_flags_used($line, \@missing, @ldflags)
1202 # Same here, -fPIC conflicts with -fPIE.
1203 and not pic_pie_conflict($line, $harden_pie, \@missing, @def_ldflags_pie)
1204 # Assume dpkg-buildflags returns the correct flags.
1205 and index($line, '`dpkg-buildflags --get LDFLAGS`') == -1) {
1206 if (not $option_buildd) {
1207 error_flags('LDFLAGS missing', \@missing, \%flag_renames, $input[$i]);
1208 $exit |= $exit_code{flags_missing};
1210 $statistics{link_missing}++;
1214 # Restore normal CFLAGS.
1216 @cflags = @cflags_backup;
1221 # Print statistics for buildd mode, only output in this mode.
1222 if ($option_buildd) {
1225 if ($statistics{preprocess_missing}) {
1226 push @warning, sprintf 'CPPFLAGS %d (of %d)',
1227 $statistics{preprocess_missing},
1228 $statistics{preprocess};
1230 if ($statistics{compile_missing}) {
1231 push @warning, sprintf 'CFLAGS %d (of %d)',
1232 $statistics{compile_missing},
1233 $statistics{compile};
1235 if ($statistics{compile_cpp_missing}) {
1236 push @warning, sprintf 'CXXFLAGS %d (of %d)',
1237 $statistics{compile_cpp_missing},
1238 $statistics{compile_cpp};
1240 if ($statistics{link_missing}) {
1241 push @warning, sprintf 'LDFLAGS %d (of %d)',
1242 $statistics{link_missing},
1245 if (scalar @warning) {
1246 local $" = ', '; # array join string
1247 print "$buildd_tag{flags_missing}|@warning missing|\n";
1250 if ($statistics{commands_nonverbose}) {
1251 printf "$buildd_tag{non_verbose_build}|%d (of %d) hidden|\n",
1252 $statistics{commands_nonverbose},
1253 $statistics{commands},
1265 blhc - build log hardening check, checks build logs for missing hardening flags
1269 B<blhc> [I<options>] I<< <dpkg-buildpackage build log file>.. >>
1273 blhc is a small tool which checks build logs for missing hardening flags. It's
1274 licensed under the GPL 3 or later.
1276 It's designed to check build logs generated by Debian's dpkg-buildpackage (or
1277 tools using dpkg-buildpackage like pbuilder or sbuild (which is used for the
1278 official buildd build logs)) to help maintainers detect missing hardening
1279 flags in their packages.
1281 Only gcc is detected as compiler at the moment. If other compilers support
1282 hardening flags as well, please report them.
1284 If there's no output, no flags are missing and the build log is fine.
1286 See F<README> for details about performed checks, auto-detection and
1295 Force check for all +all (+pie, +bindnow) hardening flags. By default it's
1298 =item B<--arch> I<architecture>
1300 Set the specific architecture (e.g. amd64, armel, etc.), automatically
1301 disables hardening flags not available on this architecture. Is detected
1302 automatically if dpkg-buildpackage is used.
1306 Force check for all +bindnow hardening flags. By default it's auto detected.
1310 Special mode for buildds when automatically parsing log files. The following
1311 changes are in effect:
1317 Print tags instead of normal warnings, see L</"BUILDD TAGS"> for a list of
1322 Don't check hardening flags in old log files (if dpkg-dev << 1.16.1 is
1327 Don't require Term::ANSIColor.
1331 Return exit code 0, unless there was a error (-I, -W messages don't count as
1338 Use colored (ANSI) output for warning messages.
1340 =item B<--ignore-arch> I<arch>
1342 Ignore build logs from architectures matching I<arch>. I<arch> is a string.
1344 Used to prevent false positives. This option can be specified multiple times.
1346 =item B<--ignore-arch-flag> I<arch>:I<flag>
1348 Like B<--ignore-flag>, but only ignore flag on I<arch>.
1350 =item B<--ignore-arch-line> I<arch>:I<line>
1352 Like B<--ignore-line>, but only ignore line on I<arch>.
1354 =item B<--ignore-flag> I<flag>
1356 Don't print an error when the specific flag is missing in a compiler line.
1357 I<flag> is a string.
1359 Used to prevent false positives. This option can be specified multiple times.
1361 =item B<--ignore-line> I<regex>
1363 Ignore lines matching the given Perl regex. I<regex> is automatically anchored
1364 at the beginning and end of the line to prevent false negatives.
1366 B<NOTE>: Not the input lines are checked, but the lines which are displayed in
1367 warnings (which have line continuation resolved).
1369 Used to prevent false positives. This option can be specified multiple times.
1373 Force check for all +pie hardening flags. By default it's auto detected.
1375 =item B<-h -? --help>
1377 Print available options.
1381 Print version number and license.
1385 Auto detection for B<--pie> and B<--bindnow> only works if at least one
1386 command uses the required hardening flag (e.g. -fPIE). Then it's required for
1387 all other commands as well.
1391 Normal usage, parse a single log file.
1393 blhc path/to/log/file
1395 If there's no output, no flags are missing and the build log is fine.
1397 Parse multiple log files. The exit code is ORed over all files.
1399 blhc path/to/directory/with/log/files/*
1401 Don't treat missing C<-g> as error:
1403 blhc --ignore-flag -g path/to/log/file
1405 Don't treat missing C<-pie> on kfreebsd-amd64 as error:
1407 blhc --ignore-arch-flag kfreebsd-amd64:-pie path/to/log/file
1409 Ignore lines consisting exactly of C<./script gcc file> which would cause a
1412 blhc --ignore-line '\./script gcc file' path/to/log/file
1414 Ignore lines matching C<./script gcc file> somewhere in the line.
1416 blhc --ignore-line '.*\./script gcc file.*' path/to/log/file
1418 Use blhc with pbuilder.
1420 pbuilder path/to/package.dsc | tee path/log/file
1421 blhc path/to/file || echo flags missing
1425 The following tags are used in I<--buildd> mode. In braces the additional data
1430 =item B<I-hardening-wrapper-used>
1432 The package uses hardening-wrapper which intercepts calls to gcc and adds
1433 hardening flags. The build log doesn't contain any hardening flags and thus
1434 can't be checked by blhc.
1436 =item B<W-compiler-flags-hidden> (summary of hidden lines)
1438 Build log contains lines which hide the real compiler flags. For example:
1445 Most of the time either C<export V=1> or C<export verbose=1> in
1446 F<debian/rules> fixes builds with hidden compiler flags. Sometimes C<.SILENT>
1447 in a F<Makefile> must be removed. And as last resort the F<Makefile> must be
1448 patched to remove the C<@>s hiding the real compiler commands.
1450 =item B<W-dpkg-buildflags-missing> (summary of missing flags)
1452 CPPFLAGS, CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, LDFLAGS missing.
1454 =item B<I-invalid-cmake-used> (version)
1456 By default CMake ignores CPPFLAGS thus missing those hardening flags. Debian
1457 patched CMake in versions 2.8.7-1 and 2.8.7-2 to respect CPPFLAGS, but this
1458 patch was rejected by upstream and later reverted in Debian. Thus those two
1459 versions show correct usage of CPPFLAGS even if the package doesn't correctly
1460 handle them (for example by passing them to CFLAGS). To prevent false
1461 negatives just blacklist those two versions.
1463 =item B<I-no-compiler-commands>
1465 No compiler commands were detected. Either the log contains none or they were
1466 not correctly detected by blhc (please report the bug in this case).
1472 The exit status is a "bit mask", each listed status is ORed when the error
1473 condition occurs to get the result.
1483 No compiler commands were found.
1487 Invalid arguments/options given to blhc.
1495 Missing hardening flags.
1499 Hardening wrapper detected, no tests performed.
1503 Invalid CMake version used. See B<I-invalid-cmake-used> under L</"BUILDD
1504 TAGS"> for a detailed explanation.
1510 Simon Ruderich, E<lt>simon@ruderich.orgE<gt>
1512 Thanks to to Bernhard R. Link E<lt>brlink@debian.orgE<gt> and Jaria Alto
1513 E<lt>jari.aalto@cante.netE<gt> for their valuable input and suggestions.
1515 =head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT
1517 Copyright (C) 2012-2013 by Simon Ruderich
1519 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
1520 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
1521 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
1522 (at your option) any later version.
1524 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
1525 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
1526 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
1527 GNU General Public License for more details.
1529 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
1530 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
1534 L<hardening-check(1)>, L<dpkg-buildflags(1)>