2 * Hook output functions (like printf(3)) with LD_PRELOAD to color stderr (or
3 * other file descriptors).
5 * Copyright (C) 2013 Simon Ruderich
7 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 /* Must be loaded before the following headers. */
26 #include "ldpreload.h"
38 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT__IO_FILE__FILENO
42 /* Conflicting declaration in glibc. */
43 #undef fwrite_unlocked
44 /* These functions may be macros when compiling with hardening flags (fortify)
45 * which cause build failures when used in our hook macros below. Observed
46 * with Clang on Debian Wheezy. */
51 /* Used by various functions, including debug(). */
52 static ssize_t (*real_write)(int, void const *, size_t);
53 static int (*real_close)(int);
54 static size_t (*real_fwrite)(void const *, size_t, size_t, FILE *);
56 /* Did we already (try to) parse the environment and setup the necessary
58 static int initialized;
59 /* Force hooked writes even when not writing to a tty. Used for tests. */
60 static int force_write_to_non_tty;
63 #include "constants.h"
68 #include "hookmacros.h"
73 /* See hookmacros.h for the decision if a function call is colored. */
76 /* Prevent inlining into hook functions because it may increase the number of
77 * spilled registers unnecessarily. As it's not called very often accept the
79 static int isatty_noinline(int fd) noinline;
80 static int isatty_noinline(int fd) {
81 int saved_errno = errno;
82 int result = isatty(fd);
89 static void dup_fd(int oldfd, int newfd) {
91 debug("%3d -> %3d\t\t\t[%d]\n", oldfd, newfd, getpid());
94 if (unlikely(!initialized)) {
95 init_from_environment();
98 /* We are already tracking this file descriptor, add newfd to the list as
99 * it will reference the same descriptor. */
100 if (tracked_fds_find(oldfd)) {
101 if (!tracked_fds_find(newfd)) {
102 tracked_fds_add(newfd);
104 /* We are not tracking this file descriptor, remove newfd from the list
107 tracked_fds_remove(newfd);
111 static void close_fd(int fd) {
113 debug("%3d -> .\t\t\t[%d]\n", fd, getpid());
116 if (unlikely(!initialized)) {
117 init_from_environment();
120 tracked_fds_remove(fd);
124 /* "Action" handlers called when a file descriptor is matched. */
126 static char const *pre_string;
127 static size_t pre_string_size;
128 static char const *post_string;
129 static size_t post_string_size;
131 /* Load alternative pre/post strings from the environment if available, fall
132 * back to default values. */
133 static void init_pre_post_string(void) {
134 pre_string = getenv(ENV_NAME_PRE_STRING);
136 pre_string = DEFAULT_PRE_STRING;
138 pre_string_size = strlen(pre_string);
140 post_string = getenv(ENV_NAME_POST_STRING);
142 post_string = DEFAULT_POST_STRING;
144 post_string_size = strlen(post_string);
147 /* Don't inline any of the pre/post functions. Keep the hook function as small
148 * as possible for speed reasons. */
149 static void handle_fd_pre(int fd) noinline;
150 static void handle_fd_post(int fd) noinline;
151 static void handle_file_pre(FILE *stream) noinline;
152 static void handle_file_post(FILE *stream) noinline;
154 static void handle_fd_pre(int fd) {
155 int saved_errno = errno;
157 if (unlikely(!pre_string || !post_string)) {
158 init_pre_post_string();
161 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_write, "write");
162 real_write(fd, pre_string, pre_string_size);
166 static void handle_fd_post(int fd) {
167 int saved_errno = errno;
169 /* write() already loaded above in handle_fd_pre(). */
170 real_write(fd, post_string, post_string_size);
175 static void handle_file_pre(FILE *stream) {
176 int saved_errno = errno;
178 if (unlikely(!pre_string || !post_string)) {
179 init_pre_post_string();
182 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_fwrite, "fwrite");
183 real_fwrite(pre_string, pre_string_size, 1, stream);
187 static void handle_file_post(FILE *stream) {
188 int saved_errno = errno;
190 /* fwrite() already loaded above in handle_file_pre(). */
191 real_fwrite(post_string, post_string_size, 1, stream);
198 /* Hook all important output functions to manipulate their output. */
200 HOOK_FD3(ssize_t, write, fd,
201 int, fd, void const *, buf, size_t, count)
202 HOOK_FILE4(size_t, fwrite, stream,
203 void const *, ptr, size_t, size, size_t, nmemb, FILE *, stream)
206 HOOK_FILE2(int, fputs, stream,
207 char const *, s, FILE *, stream)
208 HOOK_FILE2(int, fputc, stream,
209 int, c, FILE *, stream)
210 HOOK_FILE2(int, putc, stream,
211 int, c, FILE *, stream)
212 HOOK_FILE1(int, putchar, stdout,
214 HOOK_FILE1(int, puts, stdout,
217 /* printf(3), excluding all s*() and vs*() functions (no output) */
218 HOOK_VAR_FILE1(int, printf, stdout, vprintf,
219 char const *, format)
220 HOOK_VAR_FILE2(int, fprintf, stream, vfprintf,
221 FILE *, stream, char const *, format)
222 HOOK_FILE2(int, vprintf, stdout,
223 char const *, format, va_list, ap)
224 HOOK_FILE3(int, vfprintf, stream,
225 FILE *, stream, char const *, format, va_list, ap)
226 /* Hardening functions (-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2), only functions from above */
227 HOOK_VAR_FILE2(int, __printf_chk, stdout, __vprintf_chk,
228 int, flag, char const *, format)
229 HOOK_VAR_FILE3(int, __fprintf_chk, fp, __vfprintf_chk,
230 FILE *, fp, int, flag, char const *, format)
231 HOOK_FILE3(int, __vprintf_chk, stdout,
232 int, flag, char const *, format, va_list, ap)
233 HOOK_FILE4(int, __vfprintf_chk, stream,
234 FILE *, stream, int, flag, char const *, format, va_list, ap)
236 /* unlocked_stdio(3), only functions from above are hooked */
237 HOOK_FILE4(size_t, fwrite_unlocked, stream,
238 void const *, ptr, size_t, size, size_t, nmemb, FILE *, stream)
239 HOOK_FILE2(int, fputs_unlocked, stream,
240 char const *, s, FILE *, stream)
241 HOOK_FILE2(int, fputc_unlocked, stream,
242 int, c, FILE *, stream)
243 HOOK_FILE2(int, putc_unlocked, stream,
244 int, c, FILE *, stream)
245 HOOK_FILE1(int, putchar_unlocked, stdout,
247 /* glibc defines (_IO_)putc_unlocked() to __overflow() in some cases. */
248 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT__IO_FILE__FILENO
249 HOOK_FD2(int, __overflow, f->_fileno, _IO_FILE *, f, int, ch)
253 HOOK_VOID1(void, perror, STDERR_FILENO,
258 static void error_vararg(int status, int errnum,
259 char const *filename, unsigned int linenum,
260 char const *format, va_list ap) {
261 static char const *last_filename;
262 static unsigned int last_linenum;
264 /* Skip this error message if requested and if there was already an error
265 * in the same file/line. */
266 if (error_one_per_line
267 && filename != NULL && linenum != 0
268 && filename == last_filename && linenum == last_linenum) {
271 last_filename = filename;
272 last_linenum = linenum;
274 error_message_count++;
278 if (error_print_progname) {
279 error_print_progname();
281 fprintf(stderr, "%s:", program_invocation_name);
283 if (filename != NULL && linenum != 0) {
284 fprintf(stderr, "%s:%u:", filename, linenum);
285 if (error_print_progname) {
286 fprintf(stderr, " ");
289 if (!error_print_progname) {
290 fprintf(stderr, " ");
294 vfprintf(stderr, format, ap);
297 fprintf(stderr, ": %s", strerror(errnum));
300 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
306 void error_at_line(int status, int errnum,
307 char const *filename, unsigned int linenum,
308 char const *format, ...) {
311 va_start(ap, format);
312 error_vararg(status, errnum, filename, linenum, format, ap);
315 void error(int status, int errnum, char const *format, ...) {
318 va_start(ap, format);
319 error_vararg(status, errnum, NULL, 0, format, ap);
325 /* Hook functions which duplicate file descriptors to track them. */
327 static int (*real_dup)(int);
328 static int (*real_dup2)(int, int);
329 static int (*real_dup3)(int, int, int);
333 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_dup, "dup");
335 newfd = real_dup(oldfd);
337 dup_fd(oldfd, newfd);
342 int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd) {
343 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_dup2, "dup2");
345 newfd = real_dup2(oldfd, newfd);
347 dup_fd(oldfd, newfd);
352 int dup3(int oldfd, int newfd, int flags) {
353 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_dup3, "dup3");
355 newfd = real_dup3(oldfd, newfd, flags);
357 dup_fd(oldfd, newfd);
363 static int (*real_fcntl)(int, int, ...);
364 int fcntl(int fd, int cmd, ...) {
368 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_fcntl, "fcntl");
370 /* fcntl() takes different types of arguments depending on the cmd type
371 * (int, void and pointers are used at the moment). Handling these
372 * arguments for different systems and with possible changes in the future
375 * Therefore always retrieve a void-pointer from our arguments (even if it
376 * wasn't there) and pass it to real_fcntl(). This shouldn't cause any
377 * problems because a void-pointer is most-likely bigger than an int
378 * (something which is not true in reverse) and shouldn't cause
379 * truncation. For register based calling conventions an invalid register
380 * content is passed, but ignored by real_fcntl(). Not perfect, but should
384 result = real_fcntl(fd, cmd, va_arg(ap, void *));
387 /* We only care about duping fds. */
388 if (cmd == F_DUPFD && result != -1) {
395 static int (*real_close)(int);
397 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_close, "close");
400 return real_close(fd);
402 static int (*real_fclose)(FILE *);
403 int fclose(FILE *fp) {
404 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_fclose, "fclose");
406 close_fd(fileno(fp));
407 return real_fclose(fp);
411 /* Hook functions which are necessary for correct tracking. */
413 #if defined(HAVE_VFORK) && defined(HAVE_FORK)
415 /* vfork() is similar to fork() but the address space is shared between
416 * father and child. It's designed for fork()/exec() usage because it's
417 * faster than fork(). However according to the POSIX standard the "child"
418 * isn't allowed to perform any memory-modifications before the exec()
419 * (except the pid_t result variable of vfork()).
421 * As some programs don't adhere to the standard (e.g. the "child" closes
422 * or dups a descriptor before the exec()) and this breaks our tracking of
423 * file descriptors (e.g. it gets closed in the parent as well), we just
424 * fork() instead. This is in compliance with the POSIX standard and as
425 * most systems use copy-on-write anyway not a performance issue. */
431 /* Hook execve() and the other exec*() functions. Some shells use exec*() with
432 * a custom environment which doesn't necessarily contain our updates to
433 * ENV_NAME_FDS. It's also faster to update the environment only when
434 * necessary, right before the exec() to pass it to the new process. */
436 static int (*real_execve)(char const *filename, char * const argv[], char * const env[]);
437 int execve(char const *filename, char * const argv[], char * const env[]) {
438 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_execve, "execve");
443 /* Count arguments and search for existing ENV_NAME_FDS environment
446 char * const *x = env;
448 if (!strncmp(*x, ENV_NAME_FDS "=", strlen(ENV_NAME_FDS) + 1)) {
456 /* Terminating NULL. */
459 char *env_copy[count + 1 /* space for our new entry if necessary */];
460 memcpy(env_copy, env, count * sizeof(char *));
462 /* Make sure the information from the environment is loaded. We can't just
463 * do nothing (like update_environment()) because the caller might pass a
464 * different environment which doesn't include any of our settings. */
466 init_from_environment();
469 char fds_env[strlen(ENV_NAME_FDS) + 1 + update_environment_buffer_size()];
470 strcpy(fds_env, ENV_NAME_FDS "=");
471 update_environment_buffer(fds_env + strlen(ENV_NAME_FDS) + 1);
474 env_copy[index] = fds_env;
476 /* If the process removed ENV_NAME_FDS from the environment, re-add
478 env_copy[count-1] = fds_env;
479 env_copy[count] = NULL;
482 return real_execve(filename, argv, env_copy);
485 #define EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_START(args) \
489 /* Count arguments. */ \
490 size_t count = 1; /* arg */ \
492 while (va_arg(ap, char const *)) { \
497 /* Copy varargs. */ \
498 char *args[count + 1 /* terminating NULL */]; \
499 args[0] = (char *)arg; \
503 while ((x = va_arg(ap, char *))) { \
507 #define EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_END(args) \
509 #define EXECL_COPY_VARARGS(args) \
510 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_START(args); \
511 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_END(args);
513 int execl(char const *path, char const *arg, ...) {
514 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS(args);
516 update_environment();
517 return execv(path, args);
520 int execlp(char const *file, char const *arg, ...) {
521 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS(args);
523 update_environment();
524 return execvp(file, args);
527 int execle(char const *path, char const *arg, ... /*, char * const envp[] */) {
528 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_START(args);
529 /* Get envp[] located after arguments. */
530 char * const *envp = va_arg(ap, char * const *);
531 EXECL_COPY_VARARGS_END(args);
533 return execve(path, args, envp);
536 static int (*real_execv)(char const *path, char * const argv[]);
537 int execv(char const *path, char * const argv[]) {
538 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_execv, "execv");
540 update_environment();
541 return real_execv(path, argv);
544 static int (*real_execvp)(char const *path, char * const argv[]);
545 int execvp(char const *file, char * const argv[]) {
546 DLSYM_FUNCTION(real_execvp, "execvp");
548 update_environment();
549 return real_execvp(file, argv);
553 extern char **environ;
554 int execvpe(char const *file, char * const argv[], char * const envp[]) {
555 /* Fake the environment so we can reuse execvp(). */
556 environ = (char **)envp;
558 return execvp(file, argv);