1 // MsgSyncReq: copy files to the remote host
3 // Copyright (C) 2021 Simon Ruderich
5 // This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
8 // (at your option) any later version.
10 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 // along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
36 "github.com/ianbruene/go-difflib/difflib"
38 "ruderich.org/simon/safcm"
41 func (s *Sync) syncFiles() error {
42 // To create random file names for symlinks
43 rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
45 // Sort for deterministic order and so parent directories are present
46 // when files in them are created
47 var files []*safcm.File
48 for _, x := range s.req.Files {
49 files = append(files, x)
51 sort.Slice(files, func(i, j int) bool {
52 return files[i].Path < files[j].Path
55 for _, x := range files {
57 err := s.syncFile(x, &changed)
59 return fmt.Errorf("%q: %v", x.Path, err)
69 func (s *Sync) syncFile(file *safcm.File, changed *bool) error {
70 // The general strategy is "update by rename": If any property of a
71 // file changes it will be written to a temporary file and then
72 // renamed "over" the original file. This is simple and prevents race
73 // conditions where the file is partially readable while changes to
74 // permissions or owner/group are applied. However, this strategy does
75 // not work for directories which must be removed first (was
76 // directory), must remove the existing file (will be directory) or
77 // must be directly modified (changed permissions or owner). In the
78 // first two cases the old path is removed. In the last the directory
79 // is modified (carefully) in place.
81 // The implementation is careful not to follow any symlinks to prevent
82 // possible race conditions which can be exploited and are especially
83 // dangerous when running with elevated privileges (which will most
84 // likely be the case).
86 err := s.fileResolveIds(file)
91 change := safcm.FileChange{
93 New: safcm.FileChangeInfo{
102 debugf := func(format string, a ...interface{}) {
103 s.log.Debugf("files: %q (%s): %s",
104 file.Path, file.OrigGroup, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
106 verbosef := func(format string, a ...interface{}) {
107 s.log.Verbosef("files: %q (%s): %s",
108 file.Path, file.OrigGroup, fmt.Sprintf(format, a...))
111 var oldStat fs.FileInfo
113 oldFh, err := OpenFileNoFollow(file.Path)
115 err := err.(*fs.PathError)
116 if err.Err == syscall.ELOOP || err.Err == syscall.EMLINK {
117 // Check if ELOOP was caused not by O_NOFOLLOW but by
118 // too many nested symlinks before the final path
120 x, err := os.Lstat(file.Path)
124 if x.Mode().Type() != fs.ModeSymlink {
125 debugf("type changed from symlink to %s, retry",
129 // ELOOP from symbolic link, this is fine
131 } else if os.IsNotExist(err) {
132 change.Created = true
133 debugf("will create")
140 x, err := oldFh.Stat()
148 var changeType, changePerm, changeUserOrGroup, changeData bool
150 // Compare permissions
151 change.Old.Mode = oldStat.Mode()
152 if change.Old.Mode.Type() == fs.ModeSymlink {
153 // Some BSD systems permit changing permissions of
154 // symlinks but ignore them on traversal. To keep it
155 // simple we don't support that and always use 0777 for
156 // symlink permissions (the value on GNU/Linux).
158 // TODO: Add proper support for symlinks on BSD
159 change.Old.Mode |= 0777
161 if change.Old.Mode != file.Mode {
162 if change.Old.Mode.Type() != file.Mode.Type() {
164 debugf("type differs %s -> %s",
165 change.Old.Mode.Type(),
168 // Be careful with .Perm() which does not
169 // contain the setuid/setgid/sticky bits!
171 debugf("permission differs %s -> %s",
172 change.Old.Mode, file.Mode)
176 // Compare user/group
177 x, ok := oldStat.Sys().(*syscall.Stat_t)
179 return fmt.Errorf("unsupported Stat().Sys()")
181 change.Old.Uid = int(x.Uid)
182 change.Old.Gid = int(x.Gid)
183 if change.Old.Uid != file.Uid || change.Old.Gid != file.Gid {
184 changeUserOrGroup = true
185 debugf("uid/gid differs %d/%d -> %d/%d",
186 change.Old.Uid, change.Old.Gid,
189 u, g, err := resolveIdsToNames(change.Old.Uid, change.Old.Gid)
190 // Errors are not relevant as this is only used to report the
191 // change. If the user/group no longer exits only the ids will
198 // Compare file content (if possible)
199 switch change.Old.Mode.Type() {
200 case 0: // regular file
201 x, err := io.ReadAll(oldFh)
203 return fmt.Errorf("reading old content: %v",
208 x, err := os.Readlink(file.Path)
210 return fmt.Errorf("reading old content: %v",
215 if !changeType && file.Mode.Type() != fs.ModeDir {
216 if !bytes.Equal(oldData, file.Data) {
218 debugf("content differs")
222 oldStat = nil // prevent accidental use
225 if !change.Created && !changeType &&
226 !changePerm && !changeUserOrGroup &&
233 // Don't show a diff with the full content for newly created files or
234 // on type changes. This is just noise for the user as the new file
235 // content is obvious. But we always want to see a diff when files are
236 // replaced because this destroys data.
237 if !change.Created &&
238 (change.Old.Mode.Type() == 0 ||
239 change.Old.Mode.Type() == fs.ModeSymlink) {
240 change.DataDiff, err = diffData(oldData, file.Data)
246 // Add change here so it is stored even when applying it fails. This
247 // way the user knows exactly what was attempted.
248 s.resp.FileChanges = append(s.resp.FileChanges, change)
257 debugf("dry-run, skipping changes")
261 // We cannot rename over directories and vice versa
262 if changeType && (change.Old.Mode.IsDir() || file.Mode.IsDir()) {
263 debugf("removing (due to type change)")
264 err := os.RemoveAll(file.Path)
270 // Directory: create new directory (also type change to directory)
271 if file.Mode.IsDir() && (change.Created || changeType) {
272 debugf("creating directory")
273 err := os.Mkdir(file.Path, 0700)
277 // We must be careful not to chmod arbitrary files. If the
278 // target directory is writable then it might have changed to
279 // a symlink at this point. There's no lchmod so open the
281 debugf("chmodding %s", file.Mode)
282 dh, err := OpenFileNoFollow(file.Path)
286 err = dh.Chmod(file.Mode)
291 // Less restrictive access is not relevant here because there
292 // are no files present yet.
293 debugf("chowning %d/%d", file.Uid, file.Gid)
294 err = dh.Chown(file.Uid, file.Gid)
302 // Directory: changed permission or user/group
303 if file.Mode.IsDir() {
304 // We don't know if the new permission or if the new
305 // user/group is more restrictive (e.g. root:root 0750 ->
306 // user:group 0700; applying group first gives group
307 // unexpected access). To prevent a short window where the
308 // access might be too lax we temporarily deny all access.
309 if changePerm && changeUserOrGroup {
310 // Only drop group and other permission because user
311 // has access anyway (either before or after the
312 // change). This also prevents temporary errors during
313 // the error when the user tries to access this
314 // directory (access for the group will fail though).
315 mode := change.Old.Mode & fs.ModePerm & 0700
316 debugf("chmodding %#o (temporary)", mode)
317 err := oldFh.Chmod(mode)
322 if changeUserOrGroup {
323 debugf("chowning %d/%d", file.Uid, file.Gid)
324 err := oldFh.Chown(file.Uid, file.Gid)
330 debugf("chmodding %s", file.Mode)
331 err := oldFh.Chmod(file.Mode)
339 dir := filepath.Dir(file.Path)
340 // Create hidden file which should be ignored by most other tools and
341 // thus not affect anything during creation
342 base := "." + filepath.Base(file.Path)
345 switch file.Mode.Type() {
346 case 0: // regular file
347 debugf("creating temporary file %q",
348 filepath.Join(dir, base+"*"))
349 tmpPath, err = WriteTemp(dir, base, file.Data,
350 file.Uid, file.Gid, file.Mode)
358 // Similar to os.CreateTemp() but for symlinks which we cannot
360 tmpPath = filepath.Join(dir,
361 base+strconv.Itoa(rand.Int()))
362 debugf("creating temporary symlink %q", tmpPath)
363 err := os.Symlink(string(file.Data), tmpPath)
365 if os.IsExist(err) && i < 10000 {
371 err = os.Lchown(tmpPath, file.Uid, file.Gid)
376 // Permissions are irrelevant for symlinks
379 panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid file type %s", file.Mode))
382 debugf("renaming %q", tmpPath)
383 err = os.Rename(tmpPath, file.Path)
396 func (s *Sync) fileResolveIds(file *safcm.File) error {
397 if file.User != "" && file.Uid != -1 {
398 return fmt.Errorf("cannot set both User (%q) and Uid (%d)",
401 if file.Group != "" && file.Gid != -1 {
402 return fmt.Errorf("cannot set both Group (%q) and Gid (%d)",
403 file.Group, file.Gid)
406 if file.User == "" && file.Uid == -1 {
407 file.User = s.defaultUser
410 x, err := user.Lookup(file.User)
414 id, err := strconv.Atoi(x.Uid)
421 if file.Group == "" && file.Gid == -1 {
422 file.Group = s.defaultGroup
424 if file.Group != "" {
425 x, err := user.LookupGroup(file.Group)
429 id, err := strconv.Atoi(x.Gid)
439 func resolveIdsToNames(uid, gid int) (string, string, error) {
440 u, err := user.LookupId(strconv.Itoa(uid))
444 g, err := user.LookupGroupId(strconv.Itoa(gid))
448 return u.Username, g.Name, nil
451 func diffData(oldData []byte, newData []byte) (string, error) {
452 oldBin := !strings.HasPrefix(http.DetectContentType(oldData), "text/")
453 newBin := !strings.HasPrefix(http.DetectContentType(newData), "text/")
454 if oldBin && newBin {
455 return "Binary files differ, cannot show diff", nil
458 oldData = []byte("<binary content>\n")
461 newData = []byte("<binary content>\n")
464 // TODO: difflib shows empty context lines at the end of the file
465 // which should not be there
466 // TODO: difflib has issues with missing newlines in either side
467 result, err := difflib.GetUnifiedDiffString(difflib.LineDiffParams{
468 A: difflib.SplitLines(string(oldData)),
469 B: difflib.SplitLines(string(newData)),
478 func OpenFileNoFollow(path string) (*os.File, error) {
479 return os.OpenFile(path,
480 // O_NOFOLLOW prevents symlink attacks
481 // O_NONBLOCK is necessary to prevent blocking on FIFOs
482 os.O_RDONLY|syscall.O_NOFOLLOW|syscall.O_NONBLOCK, 0)
485 func WriteTemp(dir, base string, data []byte, uid, gid int, mode fs.FileMode) (
488 fh, err := os.CreateTemp(dir, base)
494 _, err = fh.Write(data)
500 // CreateTemp() creates the file with 0600
501 err = fh.Chown(uid, gid)
529 // SyncPath syncs path, which should be a directory. To guarantee durability
530 // it must be called on a parent directory after adding, renaming or removing
533 // Calling sync on the files itself is not enough according to POSIX; man 2
534 // fsync: "Calling fsync() does not necessarily ensure that the entry in the
535 // directory containing the file has also reached disk. For that an explicit
536 // fsync() on a file descriptor for the directory is also needed."
537 func SyncPath(path string) error {
538 x, err := os.Open(path)
543 closeErr := x.Close()